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Helicopters, as vehicles often appearing in movies and animations, must be familiar to everyone. However, what is the interior of a helicopter? In fact, the structure of helicopters is not as far away as everyone thinks. There are many types of helicopters.
Conventional helicopter body structure includes the fuselage, rotor system, tail rotor, mechanical control system and landing gear.
The fuselage is used to support and fix the helicopter components and systems and to connect them together as a whole and to carry personnel, supplies and equipment to enable helicopters to meet established technical requirements. The body is an important part of the helicopter.
Body shape has important implications for helicopter flight performance, maneuverability and stability.
In use, the body in addition to withstand the load of a variety of loading, but also to withstand moving parts, weapons and cargo loading and lifting of the dynamic load. These loads come through the connector. In order to load and unload goods and install equipment, the fuselage should be designed
Multi-door and opening, so that the body structure is complicated. The alternating load transmitted from the rotor and tail rotor to the airframe causes vibration of the airframe structure, which affects the comfort of the occupants and the fatigue life of the structure. Therefore, when designing the fuselage structure, measures must be taken to reduce
Low helicopter body vibration level. The blade is an important component to provide lift. In addition to the blade design to remove the aerodynamic requirements, there are also dynamic and fatigue requirements. For example, the natural frequency of the designed blade does not share the aerodynamic excitation force.
Vibration, paddle waving, shimmy base frequency to meet the operational stability and "ground resonance" and other requirements; blade bearing structure can have high fatigue performance or the use of damaged safety design and so on. The development of rotor blades is based on the material, process and rotor theory.
According to the order of development of the blade, it has three forms of hybrid blades, metal blades and composite blades. Due to the fact that hybrid blades were gradually replaced by new blades in the late 1950s, they are currently only used on heavy-duty helicopters Mi-6 and Mi-26.
Rotor system consists of a paddle and hub. Rotor form is determined by the form of paddle. It develops with the development of materials, process and rotor theory. So far, rotor forms that have been used in practice are articulated,
Seesaw, hingeless and bearingless. Tail rotor tail rotor is used to balance the anti-torque and the helicopter heading control components. The rotating tail rotor is equivalent to a vertical stabilizer that stabilizes the helicopter heading. although
The paddles then function differently from the rotors, but they are both aerodynamically powered by rotation and work in asymmetric airflow in forward flight, so the tail rotor structure has many similarities to the rotor structure.
Generally, the load of the shaft is large, and the conditions of use are complex. The requirements for balance vibration characteristics and shaft reliability are high. Any damage to the propeller shaft of the helicopter during flight will force the mission to be interrupted and cause serious accidents. So modern
Helicopter drive shaft, in the development of the requirements of long-term bench test, fatigue test and flight test to obtain the relevant life, reliability and other integrated use of data. The main function of the landing gear helicopter landing gear is to absorb
The energy brought by the vertical velocity during landing reduces the impact caused by the impact during landing and ensures that no "ground resonance" occurs during the entire use. In addition, landing gear is often used to make helicopters have on the ground
Dynamic ability to reduce the bumps and bumps caused by the uneven ground when taxiing. Helicopter landing gear used on land has wheeled landing gear and skid-type landing gear. If the helicopter is required to take off or landing on the water
Capability generally requires a watertight fuselage and buoys to ensure lateral stability, or an emergency drop pontoon. For carrier-based helicopters, special equipment needs to be equipped, such as pull-down equipment.
Control system used to control helicopter flight attitude and flight direction, can be divided into three parts, namely the Friends of the pitch system (used to control helicopter movements), foot control system (used to manipulate the tail of the helicopter
Rotation), steering rod control system (for steering rotor tension). In the helicopter's mechanical handling system, automatic recliners are the most important components. Automatic inclinometer, also known as automatic inclinometer, for
The rotor is operated to move up and down, back and forth, and left and right. Automatic recliner Automatic recliner is a helicopter control system is a major component of the rotor total pitch and cycle pitch control must be achieved through it.
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